(Arhat Fish Study) – Experiments evaluating the impact of useful strains of microorganisms including Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis and Rhodopseudomonas palustris on the growth and ascillary growth of Arhat fish (Flowerhorn cichlid Kamfa) under conditions of non-water exchange and without filtration systems. The results showed that bacillus sp. strains had a positive effect on the growth and process on the Han fish’s chow.

Experimental layout

This experiment was carried out on 9 tanks, each with 100L of water. There is aeration but no filtration and culture system does not change water within 2 months. Each tank feeds 10 individuals. The young Arhat fish had an initial size of 1.35 ± 0.21 cm, the initial weight was 1.87 ± 0.14 g. each repeat test was equivalent to 3 tanks. In which:

– Control test: Do not supplement useful microorganisms Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus coagulans and Rhodopseudomonas palustris.

– Formula 1: Addition of useful microorganisms Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus coagulans and Rhodopseudomonas palustris with a volume of 5 ml each strain into each tank, periodically every 3 days.

– Study 2: Addition of useful microorganisms Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus coagulans and Rhodopseudomonas palustris with a volume of 5 ml each strain into each tank, periodically every 6 days.

Toxic gas treatment results

The results showed that testing the effects of useful strains of microorganisms on the growth and development of Arhat fish (Flowerhorn cichlid Kamfa) initially had positive results. During the 2-month trial period (from 16.11.2018 to 11.1.2019) with tanks with useful microbial supplements, the amount of toxic gases NH3 an_d NO2 increased more slowly than the control, the toxic gas fluctuations remained stable and there were no dramatic changes that caused harm to the Arhat fish raised in the tank (Chart 1 , Chart 2).

Growth impact results

Next, the use of these strains of microorganisms also contributes to supporting the growth and development of Arhat fish. In test tanks, Arhat individuals gained weight rapidly and reached better sizes than non-preparations. Survival rates are also higher when compared to unsomed microbial tanks (Table).

Table: Results of targets obtained on Arhat fish after the end of the experiment

– The data shown is the average number and standard deviation.- Different letters that show statistically meaningful differences (P<0.05).

In addition, because the growth rate of Arhat fish in aquarium fish uses useful strains of microorganisms, the rate of seed formation is also faster and louder (Figure 1). At the end of the experiment, the size of the fish in the test tank was still quite small whether or not the particles had been observed. Meanwhile, for tanks that use useful microorganisms in 2 final tests, NT1 and NT2, the size of fish is quite large, easy to observe the formation of pearl seeds, specifically the percentage of fish with european seeds in NT1 and NT2 is 20% ± 5.00%c and 10% ± ⁰.00%b, respective^ly. As such, the results showed that the use of useful strains of microorganisms, namely Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus coagulans and Rhodopseudomonas palustris, had a positive effect on the growth and development of Arhat fish, limiting the formation of toxic gases found in the culture tank contributing to the fish’s beautiful color , healthy and large grains.    

Conclusion

As such, useful strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus coagulans and Rhodopseudomonas palustris are capable of treating toxic gases, avoiding fish poisoning as well as promoting the growth of Arhat fish, increasing the likelihood of european formation and increasing the survival rate of fish in water-unchanged farming conditions.

Note: Products on the market that contain these strains of microorganisms include KOIKA-BAC, KOIKA-CLEAR and KOIKA-PSB produced by United Nations Technology Co., Ltd. in accordance with GMP and ISO 22000 standards.

Performed: Ths. To Dinh Phuc

KS. Tran Duy Tho

KS. Nguyen Thi Truc Phuong

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